外贸人在与海外客户交流时,英文缩写的运用可谓是沟通的“隐形障碍”。频繁地查阅字典或寻求他人帮助,不仅耗时耗力,还可能降低工作效率,错失商机。
外贸术语缩写手册: 速查速记轻松上手
一、质量控制常见缩写
1. QC:Quality Control 质量控制
2. QA:Quality Assurance 质量保证
3. SPC:Statistical Process Control 统计过程控制
4. FMEA:Failure Mode and Effects Analysis 故障模式及影响分析
5. ISO:International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织
6. AQL:Acceptable Quality Level 可接受质量水平
7. SQC:Statistical Quality Control 统计质量控制
8. TQM:Total Quality Management 全面质量管理
9. GMP:Good Manufacturing Practice 良好生产规范
10. OQC:Outgoing Quality Control 出厂质量控制
11. IQC:Incoming Quality Control 进厂质量控制
12. IPQC:In-process Quality Control 生产过程中的质量控制
13. PPM:Parts Per Million 百万分之几的零件不良率
14. CAPA:Corrective and Preventive Action 纠正和预防措施
15. MSDS:Material Safety Data Sheet 材料安全数据表
16. RoHS:Restriction of Hazardous Substances 有害物质限制
17. CE:Conformité Européene 欧盟符合性标志
18. UL:Underwriters Laboratories 美国安全认证
19. REACH:Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemical 化学品注册、评估、授权和限制
20. FDA:Food and Drug Administration 美国食品和药品监督管理局
21. PDCA Cycle: Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle 计划 . 执行 . 检查. 处理循环
22. 6S: Six Sigma 六西格玛
23. PPM: Parts Per Million 百万分之一的不良率
24. Cpk: Process Capability Index 过程能力指数
25. Cpkp: Process Capability Index for Short-Term 短期过程能力指数
26. Cpl: Process Capability Index for Long-Term 长期过程能力指数
27. 8D Report: Eight Disciplines Problem Solving 八步问题解决法
28. PPM: Parts Per Million 每百万部分的不良率
29. CSC: Company Standard Control 公司标准控制
30. 5W2H: What, Why, Who, When, Where, How, How Much 五何分析法
31. KPI: Key Performance Indicator 关键绩效指标
32. MOQ: Minimum Order Quantity 最小订货量
33. FIFO: First In, First Out 先进先出
34. LIFO: Last In, First Out 后进先出
35. FIFOE: First In, First Out Expiration 先进先出到期
36. 3C Analysis: Customer, Company, Competitor Analysis 客户、公司、竞争对手分析
37. VOC: Voice of the Customer 客户之声
38. VOCI: Voice of the Customer Integrated 整合客户之声
39. VOCP: Voice of the Customer Process 客户之声流程
40. FMEA: Failure Modes and Effects Analysis 故障模式与影响分析
41. DFMEA: Design FMEA 设计FMEA
二、运输和物流常见缩写
1. FCL:Full Container Load 整箱货
2. LCL:Less than Container Load 拼箱货
3. TEU:Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit 20英尺柜
4. FEU:Forty-foot Equivalent Unit 40英尺柜
5. CFS:Container Freight Station 集装箱货运站)
6. CY:Container Yard 集装箱堆场
7. ETA:Estimated Time of Arrival 预计到达时间
8. ETD:Estimated Time of Departure 预计离港时间
9. ETA:Estimated Time of Arrival 预计到港时间
10. BL:Bill of Lading 提单
11. AWB:Air Waybill 空运单
12. SWB:Sea Waybill 海运单
13. COO:Country of Origin 原产国
14. POD:Port of Destination 目的港
15. POL:Port of Loading 装货港
16. ETA:Estimated Time of Arrival 预计到达时间
17. ETD:Estimated Time of Departure 预计离港时间
17. IMDG:International Maritime Dangerous Goods 国际海运危险品规则
18. IATA:International Air Transport Association 国际航空运输协会
19. HBL:House Bill of Lading 分单
20. B/R: Booking Reference 订舱单编号
21. S/O: Shipping Order 装货单
22. M/R: Mate's Receipt 大副收据
23. C/O: Customs Clearance 清关
24. T/R: Trucking Receipt 运输收据
25. CFS/CFS: Container Freight Station to Container Freight Station 集装箱货运站至集装箱货运站
26. DOOR/DOOR: Door to Door 门到门服务
27. DOOR/CY: Door to Container Yard 门到集装箱堆场
28. CY/DOOR: Container Yard to Door 集装箱堆场到门
29. FCL/FCL: Full Container Load to Full Container Load 整箱货至整箱货
30. LCL/LCL:Less than Container Load to Less than Container Load 拼箱货至拼箱货
31. LCL/FCL: Less than Container Load to Full Container Load 拼箱货至整箱货
32. FCL/LCL: Full Container Load to Less than Container Load 整箱货至拼箱货
33. INCOTERMS: International Commercial Terms 国际贸易术语解释通则
34. DDU: Delivered Duty Unpaid -未完税交货
35. DDP: Delivered Duty Paid 完税后交货
36. EXW: Ex Works 工厂交货
37. FAS: Free Alongside Ship 船边交货
38. FOB: Free On Board 船上交货
39. CIF: Cost, Insurance and Freight 成本加保险费加运费
40. DAT: Delivered At Terminal 目的港码头交货
41. DAP: Delivered At Place 指定地点交货
42. TTL: Total 总计
43. GT: Gross Tonnage 总吨位
44. NET: Net Weight 净重
45. G.W.: Gross Weight 毛重
46. CBM: Cubic Meter 立方米
47. T/T: Telegraphic Transfer 电汇
48. L/C: Letter of Credit 信用证
49. D/P: Document against Payment 付款交单
50. D/A: Document against Acceptance 承兑交单
三、海运散货和整柜费用缩写
1. ERS: Emergency Risk Surcharge 紧急风险附加费
2. Port Congestion Charge: 疏港费
3. CAF: Currency Adjustment Factor 货币汇率附加费
4. CISF: China Import Service Fee 中国进口服务费
5. Port Security 港口安全费
6. Import Service Fee 进口服务费
7. THC: Terminal Handling Charge 集装箱码头装卸作业费
8. ORC: Original Receiving Charge 本地收货费/码头收货费
9. PSS: Peak Season Surcharge 旺季附加费
10. DOC: Document Charges文件费
11. BAF: Bunker Adjustment Factor 燃油附加费
12. FAS: Free Alongside Ship 船边交货价
13. FOB: Free On Board,船上交货价
14. Demurrage & Detention:滞期费和滞港费
15. PSS: Peak Season Surcharge 旺季附加费
16. DTHC: Destination Terminal Handling Charge目的港码头操作费
17. EBS: Emergency Bunker Surcharges 紧急燃油附加费
18. AMS: Automated Manifest System 自动舱单系统费
19. ISPS: International Ship and Port Facility Security Code国际船舶和港口设施保安规则费20. EDI: Electronic Data Interchange 电子数据交换费
21. GRI: General Rate Increase 一般费率上涨
22. B/L: Bill of Lading 提单费
23. Bunkers 燃油费
24. Handling 装卸费
25. Disbursement 杂费
26. CY-CY Charge 集装箱场站至集装箱场站费用
27. CFS-CFS Charge 集装箱货运站至集装箱货运站费用
28. OHC: Overland Handling Charge 内陆操作费
29. PCR: Panama Canal Surcharge) 巴拿马运河附加费
30. SCS: Suez Canal Surcharge 苏伊士运河附加费
31. WRC: War Risk Charge 战争风险附加费
32. YAS: Yard Surcharges 码头附加费
33. Transshipment Charge 转船费
34. LASH: Lighter Aboard Ship 子母船/驳船费
35. ADV: Advance 预付款
36. REF: Refund 退款
37. SCR: Special Cargo Rate 特殊货物费率
四、包装与标记常见缩写
1. N/M:No Mark 无唛头
2. C/N:Carton Number 箱号
3. G.W.:Gross Weight 毛重
4. N.W.:Net Weight 净重
5. P/N: Part Number 零件号
6. MFD: Manufactured Date 生产日期
7. EXP: Expiry Date 有效期至
8. LOT NO: Lot Number 批次号
9. CTN: Carton 纸箱
10. HSN: Harmonized System Number 协调制度编码
11. MSDS: Material Safety Data Sheet 材料安全数据表
12. UPC: Universal Product Code 产品条码
13. EAN: European Article Number 欧洲商品条码
14. SKU: Stock Keeping Unit 库存量单位
15. DIM: Dimensions 尺寸
16. PCS: Pieces 件数
17. PAL: Pallet 托盘
18. CSD: Case Sensitive Data 敏感数据
19. PIC: Picture 图片
20. VGM: Verified Gross Mass 核实总重
21. MAWB: Master Air Waybill 主运单
22. HAWB: House Air Waybill 分运单
23. B/M: Branded Marks 标志商标
24. Customs Seal: 海关封志
五、其他常用缩写
1. OEM:Original Equipment Manufacturer 原始设备制造商
2. ODM:Original Design Manufacturer 原始设计制造商
4. B2B:Business to Business 企业对企业
5. B2C:Business to Consumer 企业对消费者
6. MOQ:Minimum Order Quantity 最小订货量
7. JIT:Just in Time 按需生产
8. ERP:Enterprise Resource Planning 企业资源计划
9. CRM:Customer Relationship Management 客户关系管理
10. MRP:Material Requirements Planning 物料需求计划
11. SKU:Stock Keeping Unit 库存单位
12. HS Code:Harmonized System Code 商品编码
13. ROI:Return on Investment 投资回报率
14. PO:Purchase Order 采购订单
15. GDP:Gross Domestic Product 国内生产总值
16. WTO:World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织
17. IMF:International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织
18. OECD:Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 经济合作与发展组织
19. GATT:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关税和贸易总协定
20. NAFTA:North American Free Trade Agreement 北美自由贸易协定
21. TPP:Trans-Pacific Partnership 跨太平洋伙伴关系协定
22. KPI: Key Performance Indicator 键绩效指标
23. ROI: Return on Investment 投资回报率
24. SLA: Service Level Agreement 服务水平协议
25. 3PL: Third-Party Logistics 第三方物流
26. 4PL: Fourth-Party Logistics 第四方物流
27. CRM: Customer Relationship Management 客户关系管理
28. ERP: Enterprise Resource Planning 企业资源规划
29. SCM: Supply Chain Management 供应链管理
30. WIP: Work in Progress 在制品
31. FIFO: First In, First Out 先进先出
32. LIFO: Last In, First Out 后进先出
33. SOP: Standard Operating Procedure 标准作业程序
34. WTO: World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织
35. IMF: International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织
36. GDP: Gross Domestic Product 国内生产总值
37. UN: United Nations 联合国
38. OPEC: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织
39. G20: Group of Twenty 二十国集团
40. BRICS: Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa 金砖五国
41. ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian Nations 东南亚国家联盟
E42. U: European Union 欧洲联盟
43. NAFTA: North American Free Trade Agreement 北美自由贸易协定
44. EFTA: European Free Trade Association 欧洲自由贸易联盟
45. APEC: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经济合作组织
46. OECD: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 经济合作与发展组织